四级真题常考语法核心点(基于2025年最新考试趋势)

　　一、时态与语态

　　完成时态(高频考点)

　　现在完成时：强调动作对现在的影响(如：I have lived here for 5 years.)。

　　过去完成时：表示“过去的过去”(如：By 2020. he had finished his degree.)。

　　将来完成时：预测未来某时已完成的动作(如：By next year, I will have graduated.)。

　　完成进行时：强调动作的持续性(如：She has been studying all night.)。

　　被动语态

　　常见结构：It is said that... / He is believed to...。

　　重点：区分主动与被动在语境中的逻辑关系(如：The project was completed on time.)。

　　二、从句系统

　　名词性从句(引导词选择与语序)

　　主语从句：Whether he will come is uncertain.(whether不可省略)。

　　宾语从句：I suggest that he (should) leave early.(虚拟语气)。

　　同位语从句：The news that he passed the exam is true.(that不充当成分)。

　　定语从句(关系词辨析)

　　限制性定语从句：The book which I bought yesterday is interesting.(which可换为that)。

　　非限制性定语从句：My teacher, who is very kind, helped me a lot.(逗号隔开，不可省略who)。

　　分隔式定语从句：The days are gone when we played outside.(先行词与从句被隔开)。

　　状语从句(连词与逻辑)

　　时间状语从句：When I arrived, he had left.(when与过去完成时搭配)。

　　条件状语从句：If I had time, I would help you.(虚拟语气)。

　　让步状语从句：Although he is rich, he is unhappy.(although与but不可连用)。

       三、非谓语动词

　　不定式(功能与省略)

　　作主语/宾语：To learn English is important. / I want to learn.

　　作定语：I have no time to waste.(表将来动作)。

　　省略规则：Help others (to) do their work.(感官动词后省略to)。

　　动名词(介词宾语)

　　固定搭配：be good at doing / look forward to doing。

　　逻辑主语：His smoking bothered me.(his为逻辑主语)。

　　分词(状语与定语)

　　现在分词：Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.(表主动/进行)。

　　过去分词：Tired from work, she went to bed early.(表被动/完成)。

　　四、虚拟语气

　　非真实条件句

　　与现在事实相反：If I were you, I would study harder.(were替代was)。

　　与过去事实相反：If I had known, I would have told you.(had done结构)。

　　建议/要求类从句

　　It is suggested that he (should) leave.(should可省略)。

　　I demand that the meeting be postponed.(be动词原形)。

　　五、特殊句式

　　倒装句

　　否定词开头：Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.(部分倒装)。

　　Only+状语：Only in this way can we succeed.(部分倒装)。

　　So/Such...that：So fast did he run that he won the race.(so位于句首时倒装)。

　　强调句

　　结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who...

　　示例：It was yesterday that I met her.(强调时间)。

　　反意疑问句

　　规则：前肯后否，前否后肯(如：He is late, isn't he? / He isn't late, is he?)。