绝大多数的癌症是由环境因素造成的，而主要原因并不是因运气不佳。以下是 Richard Lister 的报道。

It's long been known that giving up cigarettes, reducing alcohol intake and avoiding sunburn can reduce the chances of getting certain types of cancer. But this new study suggests that our lifestyle choices could have an impact on between 70% and 90% of all cancer cases.

The team at Stony Brook University re-analysed existing cancer data and found that random cell mutation rarely gets to the point of causing cancer without some form of external factor like toxic chemicals or radiation.

They also found that anyone who moves from a country with a low cancer risk to somewhere with a higher risk becomes more likely to develop cancer themselves. The findings are expected to influence medical advice on avoiding the disease.

词汇表

intake 摄取
lifestyle 生活方式
mutation 变异，基因突变
toxic chemicals 有毒化学物质
radiation 放射，辐射

测验

请听报道并回答下列问题。

1. True or false? The most important new discovery was that cigarettes, alcohol and sunburn can influence cancer risk.

2. Which word in the report means 'coming from outside'?

3. How do things like cigarettes, alcohol and sunburn make cancer more likely?

4. Will the research have any impact on the work of health professionals?

答案

1. True or false? The most important new discovery was that cigarettes, alcohol and sunburn can influence cancer risk. 
False. Scientists have known for a long time that cigarettes, alcohol and sunburn can influence cancer risk, but this study suggests the impact is much greater than previously thought.

2. Which word in the report means 'coming from outside'?
External.

3. How do things like cigarettes, alcohol and sunburn make cancer more likely?
Toxic chemicals in cigarettes and alcohol, and radiation from the sun make it more likely that random cell mutations result in cancer.

4. Will the research have any impact on the work of health professionals?
It is expected that this research will influence the medical advice that health professionals give.