你的桌面是乱七八糟还是整洁干净？英国一项心理学研究显示，桌上物品的摆放方式可以揭示人格特征。环境心理学家构思出了五种不同的“书桌人格类型”。那么你属于哪种呢？是内向极简型、还是惬意杂乱型？《随身英语》分析这五种书桌所展现的性格特征。

课文内容

Vocabulary: personality 词汇: 性格

Are you the kind of person whose desk is alwa­­ys spick and span? Or is it a bit of a mess? How you organise your working space can say a lot about you. In fact, environmental psychologist Lily Bernheimer developed five distinct "desk personality types" in a study commissioned by UK co-working firm Headspace Group. Which of them best reflects you?

First up: are you "the clutterer"? Clutter means mess – and Bernheimer says a clutterer's desk is likely to be colourful, chaotic and covered in trinkets. These people are usually more extroverted and welcoming, and love being at the "crossroads" of the office. The hitch is that they're often too busy to tidy up after themselves!

Or perhaps you're "the minimalist"? A polar opposite to the clutterer, the minimalist has nothing unneccessary on his or her desk. These workers are often highly conscientious and disciplined, if a little cautious. But Bernheimer says this does not necessarily mean they're introverts – they just love structure.

Type three is "the expander". Personal space is very important to them, and it creeps ever outwards, even if this is not a consciously aggressive act. Berheimer says: "They may try to claim more and more territory for themselves by moving their coffee cup and their sandwich out further and further."

"The personaliser" is our fourth type, and it’s quite self-explanatory. These people customise their space with photos, mementos and personal objects. "A simple, stylish or unusual workspace tells people that you’re high in the trait called 'openness', which means you're likely to be high in creativity, intellectuality and openness to new experience," says Bernheimer.

And finally, there's "the surveyor". These people feel insecure in the middle of the office, and seek out the quieter corners. From an evolutionary perspective, looking for well-protected spots from which to keep an eye out for potential threats makes sense. Surveyors are often introverted, but also highly productive and creative, if given the space and support they need.

Whichever type you are, making personal statements through presentation is deep in our nature, says Sam Gosling, professor of psychology at the University of Texas: "One of the reasons physical spaces, including one's office desks, can be so revealing is that they're essentially the crystallisation of a lot of behaviour over time."

词汇表

spick and span 非常整洁清爽的
clutter 杂乱不堪的物品、凌乱的环境
extroverted 性格外向的
welcoming 热情好客的
hitch 小问题
minimalist 简约主义者
polar opposite 完全相反的一面，对立面
conscientious 一丝不苟的，非常认真的
disciplined 守规矩的，有纪律性的
introvert 性格内向的
creep 悄然移动
aggressive 咄咄逼人的，气势汹汹的
territory 地盘
trait 个人品质，特征
openness 坦率
insecure 不自信的、没有安全感的
keep an eye out (for) 留意，留心
productive 有成效的
revealing 暴露真相的
crystallisation 缩影

测验与练习

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。

1. Which desk personality type is most likely to found in the middle of the room? 

2. Why does Prof Gosling believe desks can tell us a lot about personality?

3. Why do surveyors sit at the edge of an office?

4. Which word means ‘inexpensive, small decorations’?

5. How do expanders increase their personal space?

2. 请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。

1. Mark and Mary are ______. They can never agree about anything.

extroverted      introverted      expanders      polar opposites

2. Looking at a person's wardrobe can be very ______. You can learn a lot about someone from their clothes.

revealing      insecure      welcoming      crystallising

3. Susie is incredibly ______. She gets up at 6am every day for a swim, without fail.

introverted      hard working      disciplined      conscientious

4. The meeting wasn't ______ at all. We achieved absolutely nothing in three hours.

welcoming      revealing      productive      aggressive

5. My room is always ______. I clean it every single morning.

chaotic      spick and span      cluttered      a mess

答案

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。

1. Which desk personality type is most likely to found in the middle of the room?

Clutterers love being at the “crossroads” of an office. You’re more likely to find them in the middle of the room.

2. Why does Prof Gosling believe desks can tell us a lot about personality?

Prof Gosling believes desks allow us to see the results of how a person behaves in a working environment over a long period of time.

3. Why do surveyors sit at the edge of an office?

Surveyors are introverted and feel insecure when they are at the centre of an office.

4. Which word means ‘inexpensive, small decorations’?

Trinkets.

5. How do expanders increase their personal space?

Expanders move their personal belongings further and further outwards from their own desk space.

2. 请你在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处 。

1. Mark and Mary are polar opposites. They can never agree about anything.

2. Looking at a person’s wardrobe can be very revealing. You can learn a lot about someone from their clothes.

3. Susie is incredibly disciplined. She gets up at 6am every day for a swim, without fail.

4. The meeting wasn’t productive at all. We achieved absolutely nothing in three hours.

5. My room is always spick and span. I clean it every single morning.